Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
Lot of insectsareinfluenced easily by a number of pollutants; such as, the influence of lead (as lead acetate) on Bactrocera cucurbitae. Lead is considered to be an important toxic waste which could contaminate the environment, such as soil, air and water. Therefore, insects could be influenced by the lead. Bactrocera cucurbitae, was studied at 48 hours post treatment, under the effects of lead acetate, in different concentrations. Lead is found to exert a definite specific physiological and morphological effect on these flies.It was observed that under the effect of lead abnormalities and deformities were developed in the larvae of flies. Thus these flies could present a useful module for the quick transmission of the environmental hazards due to lead contamination, which exerts a specific physiological and morphological effect on these flies. The purpose of the present work was to determine the effects of lead on proteins as a major indicator of physiological features along with morphological features of larvae of Bactrocera cucurbitae flies.
References
Tachi K, Nishime S. Cytogenetic effects of lead acetate on rat bone marrow cells. Arch Environ Heal 1975; 403: 144-47.
Michailova P. Comparative karyological studies of three species of the genus Glyptotendipis Kieff. (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Hungary and Bulgaria and Glyptendipis salinus sp. n. from Bulgaria. Folia Biol (Krakwo) 1987b; 35: 43-56.
Short C. Varion in sister-chromatid exchange among 100 species of the general insect population. Proc Environ 1990; 29: 140-49.
Wilson BS. Sister chromatid exchange in larvae of insects. Lab 1995; 62: 135-44.
Watson N. Chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in insects of lead polluted. Exp Sci 1999; 90: 64- 69.
Walter R. Cyntheses prozesse an den Riesenchromosomen Von 2000.
Porter DM. Mutagenicity new horizons in genetic toxicology. Proc Tox 2002; 55: 32-37.
Ramel C. Effects of metal compounds on chromosome aegregation. Mutat Res 1973; 21: 45-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(73)90062-6
Talbot PS. Sister-chromated exchange frequency correlated with age, sex and lead poisoning. Environ Tox 2004; 25: 27- 33.
Margim A. Chromosome affected in experimental lead poisoning. Tox 2005; 41: 6-14.
Michailova P. The effect of metal compounds on chromosomsegregation. Ist Nat Conf Plovidiv 1987a; pp. 168-173.
Timmermans KP. Heavy metal body burden in insects larvae as related to their feeding behaviour. Symp Abst 76, 1988.
Qureshi ZA, Hussain T, Siddiqui QH. Relative preference of mango varities by Dacus. Zonata (Saunders) and D. dorsalis Hendel. Pakistan J Zool 1991; 23(1): 85-87.
Kapoor UC. Indian Tephritidae with their recorded hosts. Orient Insects 1970; 4: 207-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1970.10433957
Drew RAI, Hancock D. The Bactrocera dorsalis complex of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) in asia. Bull Entomol Res 1994; (Suppl 2).
Hong KT, Nishida R. Mutual reproductive benefits between a wild orchid, Bulbophyllum patens and Bactrocera fruit flies via a floral synomone. J Chem Ecol 2000; 26: 533-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005477926244
Beliles RP. Metais. In Toxicology. Casarett LJ, Doull J. Eds. Macmillan Pub. New York 1975; pp. 477-482.
Valle BL, Ulmer DD. Biochemical effects of mercury, cadmium and lead. Ann Rev Biochem 1972; 41: 91-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.41.070172.000515
Boyland E, Dukes CE, Grover PL, Mitchlcy BCV. Thc induction of renal tumoun by feeding lead acetate to rats. Br J Cancer 1962; 16: 283-88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1962.33
Van Esch GJ, Gendersen H, Vink HH. The induction of renal tumors by f e e d i i of basic lead acetate to rats. Br J Cancer 1962; 16: 289-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1962.34
Roe FJC, Boyland E, Dukes CE, Mitchley BCV. Failure of testosterone or xanthopterin to influence the induction of renal neoplasms'by lead in rats. Br J Cancer 1965; 19, 860- 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1965.99
Mao P, Molnar JJ. The finc structure and histochcmistry of lead induced renal tumors in rats. Am J Pathol 1967; 50: 571-80.
Choie DD, Richter GW. Cell proliferation in mouse kidney induced by lead. 1 Synthesis of DNA. Lab Invest 1974; 30: 647-51.
Furst A, Schlauder M, Sasmore DP. Tumongenic activity of lead chromate. Cancer Res 1976; 36: 1779-3.
Kobayashi N, Okamoto T. Effects of lead oxides on the induction of lung tumours in Syrian Hamster. J Natl Cancer Inst 1974; 52: 1605-7.
ICPEMC. Report of. ICPEMC task group 5 on the differentiation between genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens. Mutat Res 1984; 133: 1-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1110(84)90002-2
Varma MM, Joshi SR, Adeyami AO. Mutagenicity and infertility follow- ing administration to lead sub-acetate to swiss male mice. Experientia 1974; 30: 486-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01926307
Stowe HD, Goyer RA. The reproductive ability and progeny of F, lead toxic rats. Fertility Sterility 1971; 22: 755-60.
Hackett PL, Hess JO, Sikov MR. Effect of dose level and pregnancy on the distribution and toxicity of intravenous lead in rats. J Ton Environ Health 1983; 9: 1007-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287398209530221
Hess JO, Sikov MR. Distribution and effects of intravenous lead in the fetoplacental unit of the rat. J Tox Environ Health 1982; 9: 1021-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287398209530222
Lower WF, Drobney VK, Rose PS, Putnam CW. Environmental and laboratory monitoring of biotic indicators of heavy metals. Mutat Res 1976; 38: 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1161(76)90109-6
Maki-Paakkanen JM, Sorsa M, Vainio H. Chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in lead exposed worken. Hereditas 1981; 94: 269-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1981.tb01764.x
Laemmli UK. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bactriophage T4. Nature 1970; 227: 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/227680a0
Tiselius A. A new apparatus for electrophoretic analysis of colloidal mixtures. Transactions of the Faraday Society 33: 524. segregation. Ist Nat Conf Plovidiv 1937; pp. 168-173.
Andrew AT. Electrophoresis: Theory, techniques and biochemical and clinical applications. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1986.
Huiye and Jian-Hong Liu. Population dynamics of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Kunming area, Southwestern China. Insect Sci 2005; 12: 387-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1005-295X.2005.00048.x
Nukhet AB, Elizabeth A. Franklin NE. Effects of Nacetylcysteine on lead-exposed PC-12 cells. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol USA 2005; 49: 119-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-004-0025-0
Corey OG, Galvao CL. Plomo. Serie Vigilancia 8. Metepec, Edo. De México. Centro Panamericano de Ecología Humanay Salud Org Panam Salud O. M. S. 1989; pp. 103.
Roy NK. Mutagenesis and comutagenesis by lead compounds. Res 1992; 298: 97-103.
Friedberg EC, Walker G, Siede W. DNA Repair and Mutagenesis. ASM Press, Washington 1995; pp. 16-17.
Chandrik M, Arijit G, Parimalendu H. Influence of Cadmium on Growth, Survival and Clutch Size of A Common Indian Short Horned Grasshopper, Oxya fuscovittata. Am-Eurasian J Toxicol Sci 2009; 1(1): 32-36.
Kalajdzic P, Stamenkovic-Radak M, Andjelkovic M. The effect of different concentrations of lead on inversion polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura. Hereditas 2006; 143: 41-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2006.0018-0661.01939.x
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2013 Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences