Abstract
The study was carried out on the effects of cadmium (Cd) on liver, gizzard and kidney of Larus argentatus. Significant alterations were observed after the treatment of high and low dose of cadmium chloride injected to Larus argentatus. Investigation of the effects of Cd on body tissues was done by sectioning of fixed tissue by paraffin section techniques. Major changes were noted at high dose of cadmium chloride in liver, kidney and gizzard. While, under low dose of cadmium chloride, mild to moderate changes in hepatocytes around blood vessels in liver; reduction in thickness of epithelium and muscular layer in gizzard; and slight alterations in arrangement of tubules of loop of henle in the kidney of proximal convoluted tubules with granular cytoplasm were observed. No lesions were found in the mentioned body tissues of Larus argentatus of control group.
References
Naccari C, Cristani M, Cimino F, Arcoraci T, Trombetta T. Common buzzards (Buteo buteo) bio-indicators of heavy metals pollution in Sicily (Italy). Environ Int 2009; 35: 594-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.11.002
Mansouri B, Pourkhabbaz A, Babaei H, Houshyari E. Heavy metal contamination in feathers of Western Reef Heron (Egretta gularis) and Siberian gull (Larus heuglini) from Hara biosphere reserve of Southern Iran. Environ Monit Assess 2012; 184: 6139-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2408-9
Barbieri E, Santos IS, Passos EA, Garcia CAB. Assessment of trace metal concentration in feathers of seabird (Larus dominicanus) sampled in the Florianopolis Brazilian coast. Environ Monit Assess 2010; 160: 631-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1202-4
Abdennadher A, Ramírez F, Romdhane MS, Ruiz X, Jover L, Sanpera C. Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) as a bioindicator of trace element pollution in Tunisian aquatic ecosystems. Environ Monit Assess 2011; 175: 677-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1560-y
Elinder, CG. Cadmium as environmental hazard. IARC Sci Pub 1992; 118: 123-32.
Burger J. Metals in avian feathers: bioindicators of environmental pollution. Environ Toxicol 1993; 5: 203-311.
Erdogan Z, Erdogan S, Celik S, Unlu A. Effects of ascorbic acid on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and performance of broilers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2005; 104: 19-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/BTER:104:1:019
Berzina N, Markovs J, Isajevs S, Apsite M, Smirnova G. Cadmium-induced enteropathy in domestic cocks: a biochemical and histological study after subchronic exposure. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007; 1: 29-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00072.x
Sakurai H. Genso 111 no Shinchisiki. (The new knowledge of 111 elements), Kodansha Ltd: Tokyo; 1997.
Akyolcu MC, Ozcelik D, Dursun S, Toplan S, Kahraman R. Accumulation of cadmium in tissue and its effect on live performance. J Phys IV France 2003; 107: 33-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20030236
El-Sharak AS, Newair AA, Badreldeen MM, Ewada SM, Sheweita SA. Protective role of selenium against renal toxicity induced by cadmium in rats. Toxicol 2007; 235: 185-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2007.03.014
Shao CC, Li N, Zhang ZW, Su J, Li S, Li JL, Xu SW. Cadmium supplement triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress response and cytotoxicity in primary chicken hepatocytes. Ecotoxicol Environ Safety 2014; 106: 109-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.04.033
Bancroft JD, Steven’s. A Theory and Practice of histological techniques. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1990.
Dehn PF, White CM, Conners DE, Shipkey G, Cumbo TA. In vitro characterization of the human hepatocellular carcinoma (hepg2) cell lines an in vitro model of cadmium toxicity studies. In vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2004; 40: 172-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1290/1543-706X(2004)40<172:COTHHC>2.0.CO;2
Lorico A, Bertola A, Baum C, Fodstad O, Rapp G. Role of the multidrug resistance protein 1 in protection from heavy metal oxyanions: investigations in vitro and in MRP1-deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 291: 617-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2002.6489
Weisman RS, Gold LR, Frank NE, Flomenbaun NA, Lewin RS, Weisma MA, Howland Hoffan RJ. The pathophysiologic bases of medical toxicity. Toxicol Emerg 1998; 6: 135-7.
Pritzl MC, Lie YH, Kienholz EW, Whiteman CE. The effect of dietary cadmium on development of young chickens. Poultry Sci 1974; 53: 2026-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0532026
Chishti MA, Rotkiewicz T. Hepatic and renal ultrastructural changes in cockerels exposed to cadmium chloride and subsequent interaction with organophosphate insecticide. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 1993; 12: 35-45.
Bokori J, Fekete S, Kadar I, Koncz J, Vetesi F, Albert M. Complex study of the physiological role of cadmium. III. Cadmium loading trials on broiler chickens. Acta vet Hung 1995; 43: 195-228.
Bokori J, Fekete S, Glavits R, Kadar I, Koncz J, Kovari L. Complex study of the physiological role of cadmium. IV. Effects of prolonged dietary exposure of broiler chickens to cadmium. Acta Vet Hung 1996; 44: 57-74.
Hughes MR, Smits JE, Ellitt JE, Bennett DC. Morphological and pathological effects of cadmium ingestion on Pekin ducks exposed to saline. J Toxicol Environ Health Part A 2000; 61: 591-608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00984100050194117
Swiergosz R, Kowalska A. Cadmium accumulation and its effects in growing pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Environ Toxicol Chem 2000; 19: 2742-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620191119
Kertesz V, Fancsi T. Adverse effects of (surface water pollutants) cadmium, chromium, and lead on the embryogenesis of the mallard. Aquatic Toxicol 2003; 65: 425-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00155-3
Richardson ME, Fox MRS, Fry BE. Pathological changes produced in Japanese quail by ingestion of cadmium. J Nutr 1974; 104: 323-38.
White DH, Finley MT, Ferrell JF. Histopathological effects of dietary cadmium on kidney and testes of mallard ducks. J Toxicol Environ Health 1978; 4: 551-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287397809529678
Mayack LA, Bush PB, Fletcher OJ, Page RK, Fendley TT. Tissue residues of dietary cadmium in wood ducks. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 1981; 10: 637-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01054886
Cain BW, Sileo Lou, Franson CJ, Moore J. Effects of dietary cadmium on mallard ducklings. Environ Res 1983; 32: 286-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-9351(83)90112-3
Rao PV, Jordan SA, Bhatnagar MK. Ultrastructure of kidney of ducks exposed to methylmercury, lead and cadmium in combination. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 1989; 9: 19-44.
Sant'Ana MG, Moraes R, Bernardi MM. Toxicity of cadmium in Japanese quail: Evaluation of body weight, hepatic and renal function, and cellular immune response. Environ Res 2005; 99: 273-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2005.06.003
W?ostowski T, Dmowski K, Bonda-Ostaszewska E. Cadmium accumulation, metallothionein and glutathionein levels and histopathological changes in the kidneys and liver of magpie (Pica pica) from a zinc smelter area. Ecotoxicol 2010; 19: 1066-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-010-0488-x
Hesaraki S, Gharagozlou MJ, Amoli JS, Bokaee S, Vaighan AJ. Histopathological and ultrastractural changes of kidneys in response to cadmium chloride toxicity in broiler chickens. J Vet Res 2010; 65: 281-88.
Fazli S, Khan A, Fazli W, Adeeb S, Jan AU. Determination of Optimal Toxic Concentration and Accumulation of Cadmium in Broiler Chicks. Toxicol Res 2011; 27: 143-7.
Vayeghan AJ, Gharagozlou MJ, Broujeni GRN, Amoli JS, Bokaee S, Hesaraki S. The effect of different levels of cadmium on the histopathological changes and the rate of lymphoid cells apoptosis of bursa of Fabricius in broiler chickens. J Vet Research 2011; 66: 193-201.
Binkowski LJ, Kapusta, KS, Szarek J, Strzy?ewska E, Felsmann MZ. Histopathology of liver and kidneys of wild living Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and Coots (Fulica atra) with considerable concentrations of lead and cadmium. Science Total Environ 2013; 450: 326-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.002
Li JL, Jiang CY, LI S, Xu SW. Cadmium induced hepatotoxicity in chickens (Gallus domesticus) and ameliorative effect by selenium. Ecotoxicol Environ Safety 2013; 96:103-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.07.007
Sultan Z, Azmi S, Ahmad A, Khajuria A, Sharma M. Patho-morphological changes in experimentally induced cadmium chloride toxicity in broiler chicks. Indian J Vet Pathol 2013; 37: 30-3.
Gabol K, Khan MZ, Khan MUA, Khan P, Fatima F, Siddiqui S, Jabeen T, Baig N, Iqbal MA, Hashmi MUA and Tabish M. Induced effects of lead, chromium and cadmium on Gallus domesticus. Can J Pure Appl Sci 2014; 8: 3035-42.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2016 Noreen Raza, Tasneem A. Saqib, Ghazala Yasmeen, Syed Naeemul Hassan Naqvi , Mijaz Hijazi