Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are used for seed inoculation. This study was carried out to determine the influence of seed inoculation with PGPR and different nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels on the productivity and quality of fodder sorghum. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) under factorial arrangement at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during, 2014. The experiment composed of N and P levels such as 0%, 50%, 75% and 100% of recommended doses ha-1 and seed inoculation with PGPR1 (Azotobacter brasilense+Pseudomonas fluorescens) and PGPR2 (Azotobacter chroococcum+Pseudomonas flurescens) with un-inoculated seeds as control. The results revealed that application of N and P, and seed inoculation appreciably increased the productivity and quality of sorghum. Maximum green fodder yield (63.12 t ha-1), dry matter yield (14.51 t ha-1), crude protein (11.02%) and ash contents (8.97%) were recorded with recommended dose of NP. Regarding seed inoculation maximum green fodder yield (62.40 t ha-1), dry matter yield (14.09 t ha-1), crude protein (10.59%) and ash contents (9.07%) were recorded with PGPR1. In conclusion, application of recommended dose of NP and seed inoculation with PGPR1 significantly improved the forage productivity and quality of sorghum.
References
Govt. of Pakistan. Economic Survey of Pakistan 2015-16. Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Islamabad 2015; 39-40.
Marsalis M, Angadi S, Govea FC. Effect of seeding and nitrogen rates on limited irrigated corn and forage sorghum yield and nutritive value. In Abstracts: Annual meeting, Western Society of Crop Sci. Ft. Collins, Co 2009.
Taylor JW, Turner E, Townsend JP, Dettman JR, Jacobson D. Eukaryotic microbes, species recognition and the geographic limits of species: examples from the kingdom Fungi. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 2006; 361(1475): 1947-1963. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1923
Cleyet-Marcel JC, Larcher M, Bertrand H, Rapior S, Pinochet X. Plant growth enhancement by rhizobacteria. In: Morot-Gaudry, J.F. (Ed) Nitrogen assimilation by plants: physiological, biochemical and molecular aspects. Science Publishers, Plymouth 2001; pp. 185-197.
Vessey JK. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as bio fertilizers. Plant and Soil 2003; 255: 571-586. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026037216893
Dey R, Pal KK, Bhatt DM, Chauhan SM. Growth promotion and yield enhancement of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) by application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Microbiological Res 2004; 159: 371-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2004.08.004
Kishore GK, Pande S, Podile AR. Phylloplane bacteria increase seedling emergence, growth and yield of field?grown groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). Letters in Applied Microbiology 2005; 40(4): 260-268. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2005.01664.x
Hegde DM, Dwivedi BS, Babu SNS. Biofertilizers for cereal production in India-Areview. Ind J Agric Sci 1999; 69: 73-83.
Lehman J, Gaunt J, Rondon M. Biochar sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems as a review. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 2006; 1: 403-427.
Witt C, Pasuquin JMAC. Maize in Asia and Global demand II Ed. Int Fert Corresp 2007.
Taiz L, Zeiger E. Plant physiology. 4th edition. Sinauer Associates, New York, USA 2006.
NFDC. The impact of deregulation on the fertilizer sector and crop productivity in Pakistan. NFDC (National Fertilizer Development Centre), Islamabad, Pakistan 2001.
Homer DC, Pratt PF. Methods of Analysis for Soils, Plants and Waters, Div. of Agriculture Science, University of California, Davis 1961
Steel RG, Torrie JH, Dickey DA. Principles and procedures of Statistics: A biometrical approach. 3rd Ed. McGraw Hill, Inc. Book Co. NY, USA, 1997; pp. 352-358.
Hassan MR, Akbar MA, Khandaker ZH, Rahman MM. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield contributing character, biomass yield and nutritive value of cowpea forage. Bang J Anim Sci 2010; 39: 83-88.
Shaterabadi A, Ardakani MR, Khavazi K, Changizi M, Mafakheri S. Agro morphological responses of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to different growth promoting pseudomonas fluorescence strains. American-Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci 2001; 11: 242-246.
Burd GI, Dixon DG, Glick BR. Plant growth promoting bacteria that decrease heavy metal toxicity in plants. Can J Microbiol 2000; 46: 245-247. https://doi.org/10.1139/w99-143
Gholami A, ShahsavaniS. Nezarat S. The Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Germination, Seedling Growth and Yield of Maize. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 2009; 49: 19-24.
Ayuke FO, Rao MR, Swift MJ, Opondo-Mbai ML. Effect of organic and inorganic nutrient sources on soil mineral nitrogen and maize yields in western Kenya. Managing nutrient cycles to sustain soil fertility in sub-Saharan Africa 2004; 65.
Azam M, Waraich EA, Pervaiz A, Nawaz F. Response of a newly developed fodder sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Monech) variety (F-9917) to NPK application. Pak J Life Sci 2010; 8: 117-120.
Sarajuoghi M, Ardakani MR, Nurmohammadi G, Kashani A, Rejali F, Mafakheri S. Response of yield and yield components of maize (ZeamaysL.) to different bio-fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. American-Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci 2012; 12: 315-320.
Shahzad M, Ayub M, Ahmad AUH, Yaseen M. Influence of priming techniques on emergence and seedling growth of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). J Anim Plan Sci 2012; 22: 154-158.
Shabbier I. Effect of phosphorus solubilizing bacterial inoculation and phosphorus fertilizer application on forage yield and quality of oat (Avena sativa L.). M.Sc. Thesis, 2013; Dept. Agron., Univ. of Agric., Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Sharar MS, Ayub M, Nadeem MA, Ahmad N. Effect of different rates of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.). Asian J Plant Sci 2003; 2(3): 347-349. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2003.347.349
El-Komy HM, Hamdia MA, El-Baki GKA. Nitrate reductase in wheat plants grown under water stress and inoculated with Azospirillum spp. Biol Plantarum 2003; 46: 281-287. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022819114860
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2017 Muhammad Bilal Chattha, Asif Iqbal, Muhammad Umer Chattha, Muhammad Umair Hassan, Imran Khan, Imran Ashraf, Muhammad Faisal , Muhammad Usman